Albert Einstein sought to address profound challenges related to physics and our understanding of the universe through his groundbreaking theories. His theory of relativity revolutionized concepts of space and time, proposing that time is relative and influenced by gravity. This stood in stark contrast to Newtonian physics, which had dominated for centuries. Furthermore, his work on the photoelectric effect contributed significantly to the development of quantum theory. By questioning established norms, Einstein's theories challenged scientists to rethink fundamental principles and continue exploring the complexities of cosmic phenomena.