The groundbreaking civil rights leader who was assassinated in 1965 is Malcolm X. A prominent figure in the struggle for African American rights, he was known for his passionate advocacy for Black empowerment and his critical stance against systemic racism. His assassination on February 21, 1965, was a significant loss to the civil rights movement, as he had become a symbol of resilience and courage. His legacy continues to inspire discussions about race, equality, and justice in the United States and beyond.