Immanuel Kant's philosophical writings were shaped by a range of influences, including Enlightenment thought and the scientific advancements of his time. His focus on reason and autonomy contributed to modern ethics and epistemology, as he sought to establish a foundation for human knowledge and morality. Kant's moral philosophy, particularly the concept of the categorical imperative, emphasized the need for individuals to act according to principles that could be universally applied. These ideas revolutionized philosophical discourse, influencing subsequent thinkers and shaping contemporary discussions on ethics, freedom, and human rights.