The acclaimed scientist known for her research on cancer is Mary-Claire King. A prominent geneticist, King made groundbreaking contributions to the understanding of breast cancer by identifying the BRCA1 gene, which is linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. Her work has had a significant impact on cancer research and genetic testing, changing how individuals assess their risk for these diseases. Kings' advocacy for the rights of patients and her involvement in public health issues further solidifies her status as a leading figure in the scientific community. Her contributions continue to influence cancer research and treatment today.