The artist who created the sculpture "David" and is known for his work during the Renaissance is Michelangelo. This iconic sculpture, completed in 1504, represents the biblical hero David and is celebrated for its detail and anatomical precision. Michelangelo's mastery in portraying human emotion and physicality marked a high point in Renaissance art. His "David" not only exemplified the ideals of beauty and strength but also became a symbol of the Florentine Republic's resilience against larger powers. Michelangelo’s influence continues to resonate in the art world.