The famous author known for their works on cultural and social critique is James Baldwin. His writings, including essays, novels, and plays, explore themes of race, sexuality, and identity, offering powerful insights into the human condition and society. Baldwin's unique voice and perspective, evident in works like "The Fire Next Time," challenge readers to confront uncomfortable truths about inequality and injustice. His influence extends beyond literature, as he remains a significant voice in contemporary discussions on race and social justice.