The physicist renowned for his work on quantum mechanics and wave-particle duality is Albert Einstein. His groundbreaking theories, particularly the theory of relativity, revolutionized the understanding of physics in the early 20th century. Einstein’s work laid the foundation for modern physics, influencing scientists’ perspectives on the nature of light and matter. His exploration of the fundamental principles governing the universe has had a lasting impact on various scientific fields, making him one of the most important figures in scientific history.