A significant figure in the French Enlightenment who wrote "The Social Contract" is Jean-Jacques Rousseau. In this influential work, Rousseau discusses ideas of political philosophy, particularly the relationship between individuals and the state. He argues that legitimate government is based on the general will of the people and that individuals surrender some freedom for social order. Rousseau’s thoughts on democracy and civic responsibility contributed to modern political theory and influenced revolutionary movements. His emphasis on freedom and equality laid the groundwork for discussions about social justice and government legitimacy, leaving a lasting impact on political thought.