The famous American writer and humorist known for his novels and short stories is Mark Twain. Born Samuel Clemens, Twain is celebrated for his keen observations of American society in the 19th century. His most notable works, including The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, tackle themes such as racism, social inequality, and the quest for identity. Twain's wit, combined with his ability to portray the complexities of human nature and morality, establishes him as a pivotal figure in American literature and humor.