The notorious figure behind the United States' "War on Drugs" is Richard Nixon, who initiated this campaign in the early 1970s. By declaring drug use as "public enemy number one," Nixon's administration took a hardline approach, emphasizing enforcement over treatment. This policy led to the establishment of policies that increased law enforcement efforts and penalties for drug offenses. The War on Drugs has been criticized for its widespread impact on communities of color and its failure to significantly reduce drug-related issues. Nixon's policies have had lasting effects on the U.S. criminal justice system.