Candidates preparing for the Ethics paper in UPSC Mains should focus on several effective strategies. Start with a comprehensive study of relevant texts and resources that cover ethical theories and principles. Engaging with case studies that illustrate ethical challenges in various contexts helps contextualize theoretical knowledge. Regularly practicing answer writing can enhance clarity of thought and expression. Importantly, reflect on personal values and how they align with public service ethics. Reviewing previous examination papers will help familiarize candidates with patterns in questioning and improve their ability to articulate cogent responses.