Environmental issues are increasingly emphasized in the UPSC examination, reflecting their relevance in modern governance and policy-making. Topics often include climate change, sustainable development, and environmental law. Candidates must understand both the scientific aspects and socio-economic implications of these issues. Additionally, the General Studies papers frequently cover governmental strategies related to environmental conservation. Aspirants should stay updated on current environmental debates, initiatives, and policies, as these can form the basis for questions in both the preliminary and mains examinations.