The UPSC syllabus addresses changing environmental conditions by incorporating topics related to sustainable development, climate change, and biodiversity conservation. Candidates are expected to understand the impact of human activities on the environment and discuss policies aimed at mitigating environmental degradation. This recognition underscores the importance of environmental governance and the role of international agreements like the Paris Agreement. By integrating these themes, the syllabus prepares aspirants to address contemporary environmental challenges relevant to India’s development.