The UPSC syllabus incorporates environmental issues within various subjects, particularly under geography and general studies. Topics include climate change, biodiversity, ecological conservation, and environmental laws and policies. Specific sections in the syllabus address sustainable development and the impacts of human activities on the environment. Candidates should study environmental theories along with current environmental challenges and relevant government initiatives. A clear understanding of these issues is crucial for both the Prelims and Mains exams, making it essential for aspirants.