Critical elements for improving language proficiency tailored to UPSC preparers include consistent practice through reading, writing, and regular verbal exercises. Engaging with diverse materials such as newspapers, novels, and academic journals exposes candidates to varied vocabulary and writing styles. Maintaining a vocabulary journal can help track new words and their usage in sentences. Regularly practicing essay writing and receiving feedback enhances clarity and coherence in expression. Additionally, participating in language workshops or online courses can provide structured guidance. These efforts ultimately equip candidates with effective communication skills essential for both written and oral examinations.