Key components of sustainable development that relate to the UPSC syllabus include economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection. Understanding the balance between these components is essential for addressing contemporary challenges like climate change and resource depletion. Sustainable practices in governance, public policy, and community development are critical for maintaining long-term stability. Familiarity with various sustainable development goals (SDGs) is applicable to subjects like polity and economy, further ingraining their importance in future civil servants' roles to promote inclusive growth and environmental stewardship.