Vital themes of international relations for UPSC aspirants include global governance, security issues, and diplomatic strategies. Understanding organizations like the UN, BRICS, and ASEAN is essential, as they shape international cooperation. Knowledge of current geopolitical tensions and treaties illuminates diplomatic relations. Furthermore, themes such as climate change and internal security are increasingly relevant in global discourse. Aspirants should stay updated on global events and trends, equipping them to engage critically with questions relating to international relations while showcasing an informed perspective on India's role on the global stage.