The "General Studies Paper II" in the UPSC Mains primarily focuses on issues related to governance, constitution, and international relations. This paper assesses candidates' understanding of various governance structures, constitutional provisions, and the functioning of governmental institutions. Additionally, it explores critical issues related to public administration, social justice, and human rights. Candidates are expected to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, evaluate policies, and critique governance paradigms, providing a comprehensive analysis of contemporary challenges that affect administration and governance in India.