Innovative study methods like active recall, spaced repetition, and visual mapping can significantly enhance UPSC preparation. Active recall encourages candidates to retrieve information from memory, reinforcing knowledge retention. Spaced repetition ensures that candidates review material over increasing intervals, further solidifying learning. Meanwhile, visual mapping helps in organizing complex information, making it easier to recall during exams. Incorporating study groups for group discussions or leveraging online resources and apps can also foster a more engaging and effective learning experience, ultimately optimizing preparation efforts.