Methodologies that can be applied to understand the topics in the UPSC syllabus include thematic analysis, interconnected concept mapping, and integrative learning strategies. Thematic analysis allows candidates to identify key trends and links between subjects, enhancing comprehension of complex topics. Concept mapping visually portrays relationships among various subjects, facilitating better retention of information. Additionally, integrative learning encourages students to draw connections between different disciplines and current affairs. These methodologies promote a holistic understanding of the syllabus and help candidates prepare effectively for the examination.