Methods to enhance comprehension of complex subjects for the UPSC include utilizing visual aids like charts and mind maps to simplify intricate concepts. Engaging in active learning techniques—such as discussing topics with peers, teaching others, or participating in study groups—can deepen understanding. Additionally, incorporating summary techniques and concept maps helps in organizing information logically. Taking breaks to reflect on what has been learned and applying knowledge to real-world scenarios can further solidify grasp. Finally, exploring multiple resources, including books and online courses, can provide varied perspectives, enriching comprehension.