To make sense of complex topics in the UPSC syllabus, candidates can employ several strategies. Breaking down the syllabus into smaller parts can help facilitate gradual understanding. Utilizing concept maps can visually represent connections between various concepts, making them easier to grasp. Regularly engaging in discussions with peers or mentors also provides different perspectives and clarifications on difficult subjects. Furthermore, relating complex theories to real-world examples can enhance comprehension and retention, making challenging topics more accessible and manageable throughout the preparation process.