Techniques for effective critical analysis in UPSC exams include breaking down complex questions into manageable components and systematically reviewing evidence. Candidates should utilize the SOCIAL framework—Statement, Objectives, Course of action, Solution, Analysis, and Linkage—which promotes organized thought processes. Additionally, developing a habit of comparing different viewpoints or case studies can enhance depth of analysis. Practicing past papers allows candidates to refine their analytical techniques over time. Finally, incorporating relevant theories or frameworks into answers demonstrates strong analytical capabilities and provides a structured approach to tackling multifaceted issues.