Effective strategies for essay writing in the UPSC exam should include thorough planning, structuring the essay with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion, and using real-life examples to support arguments. Candidates should ensure they understand the topic deeply before outlining their points. Time management is crucial; allocating specific time for brainstorming, drafting, and revising can greatly enhance clarity and coherence. Using a formal tone while avoiding jargon makes essays accessible to the evaluator. Regular practice and seeking feedback can help refine writing skills and increase confidence during the exam.