The common name for sodium chloride is table salt. It is a chemical compound made up of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions. Sodium chloride is widely used as a seasoning and preservative for food and plays a crucial role in human health by maintaining fluid balance and nerve function. Table salt is often iodized to prevent iodine deficiency, which can lead to thyroid problems. Beyond culinary uses, sodium chloride is also important in various industrial processes, including the production of chlorine and soda ash, and it is essential for melting ice on roads during winter.