The common name for the process of cells dividing to reproduce is mitosis. Mitosis is a fundamental mechanism that allows a single cell to divide and produce two genetically identical daughter cells. This process is critical for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. Mitosis involves several phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Each phase plays a key role in ensuring that the chromosomes are accurately copied and distributed, allowing for genetic continuity. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, while meiosis is the process used for the formation of gametes in sexual reproduction.