The main ingredient in traditional ratatouille is eggplant (also known as aubergine). Ratatouille is a classic Provençal dish that showcases a harmonious blend of vegetables, typically including zucchini, bell peppers, onions, and tomatoes, along with herbs such as basil and thyme. While these ingredients can vary, eggplant is a signature component that contributes to the dish’s texture and flavor. The dish is often stewed or baked, allowing the flavors to meld beautifully. Ratatouille is celebrated not only for its taste but also for its representation of Mediterranean culinary traditions and the bounty of seasonal vegetables.