Baby cows are called calves. When cows are born, they are referred to as calves until they reach a certain age, after which they are often called heifers (females) or steers (castrated males). Calves are typically born after a gestation period of about nine months. At birth, they usually weigh between 55 to 100 pounds, depending on the breed. Calves rely on their mothers for milk during their early development, and they begin to graze on grass and other feed as they grow. Raising calves is crucial for livestock production and dairy farming.