The primary ingredient in caramel is sugar. Caramel is made by heating sugar until it melts and transforms into a golden brown liquid. This process is known as caramelization, during which sugar molecules are broken down and restructured to create new flavors and colors. While sugar is the main ingredient, various recipes may include butter and cream to create different textures and flavors, resulting in products like caramel sauce or caramel candies. Caramel is commonly used as a flavoring in desserts, confections, and drinks, thanks to its rich, sweet, and slightly nutty flavor that enhances many culinary creations.