The primary ingredient in moussaka is eggplant. This traditional Mediterranean dish, particularly popular in Greek cuisine, layers eggplant with various ingredients such as ground meat, typically lamb or beef, and a creamy béchamel sauce. The eggplant is usually sliced, salted, and then cooked to enhance its flavor and texture. Moussaka is often baked in the oven, resulting in a rich and hearty meal. Variations of moussaka exist across the Mediterranean region, showcasing local ingredients and culinary traditions.