The primary purpose of a scientific experiment is to test a hypothesis, which is a proposed explanation or prediction about a phenomenon. By systematically manipulating variables and observing the outcomes, researchers can determine whether the results support or refute the hypothesis. This process contributes to the broader understanding of scientific principles and helps in developing theories that can explain natural occurrences. Scientific experiments are essential in fields such as biology, chemistry, and physics, as they provide empirical evidence and allow for the replication of findings by other researchers, thus enhancing the credibility and reliability of scientific knowledge.