The process of water turning into vapor is called evaporation. Evaporation occurs when molecules in liquid water gain enough energy, often from heat sources such as sunlight, to break free from the surface and transition into the gaseous state. It plays a crucial role in the water cycle, contributing to cloud formation and precipitation. Factors such as temperature, surface area, and air movement influence the rate of evaporation, making it an essential process for ecosystems, agriculture, and climate regulation. Understanding evaporation is important in various fields, including meteorology, environmental science, and engineering.