The natural resource extracted from the Earth's crust and used for energy is fossil fuels, which include coal, oil, and natural gas. These fuels are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that were buried under layers of soil and subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. Fossil fuels are a major source of energy worldwide, powering vehicles, generating electricity, and fueling industrial processes. However, their extraction and use are a significant contributor to environmental issues such as air pollution and climate change, leading to an ongoing search for alternative renewable energy sources.