The part of the brain responsible for coordination and balance is the cerebellum. Located at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum, the cerebellum plays a critical role in motor control. It helps coordinate voluntary movements, ensures balance, and maintains posture. The cerebellum also processes information from the sensory systems, spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to fine-tune muscle activity. This allows for smooth and balanced movements, which is essential for activities like walking, running, and fine motor skills. Damage to the cerebellum can lead to problems with coordination, balance, and movement precision.