The phenomenon that causes the Northern Lights is called "aurora borealis," which occurs when charged particles from the sun collide with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere. These interactions release energy in the form of light, creating stunning displays of colorful lights in the sky, primarily seen in polar regions. The northern lights typically appear in greens, reds, purples, and blues and can vary in intensity and shape. The auroras are most visible during the winter months when the nights are longer, making for captivating natural spectacles that draw many tourists and scientists alike.