The precious stone known as "the king of gems" is the diamond. Renowned for its exceptional hardness and brilliant clarity, diamonds are cherished not only for their beauty but also for their status as symbols of wealth and commitment, especially in engagement rings. The formation of diamonds occurs deep within the Earth under high temperature and pressure conditions, and they are often found in volcanic pipes. Diamonds come in a variety of colors, though colorless diamonds are the most iconic. Additionally, the mining and trade of diamonds have significant economic implications, especially in countries where they are a major resource.