The structure in the human brain responsible for memory is primarily the hippocampus. Located in the medial temporal lobe, the hippocampus plays a crucial role in the formation of new memories and the organization of information for long-term storage. It is essential for converting short-term memories into long-term ones and is also involved in spatial memory and navigation. Damage to the hippocampus can lead to significant memory impairments, highlighting its importance. Research continues to explore the complexities of memory processing in the brain, revealing the hippocampus's pivotal role in learning and recollection.