The ancient city of Pompeii was preserved by volcanic ash after the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The ash buried the city, effectively freezing it in time and protecting its buildings, artifacts, and even human remains. Excavations of Pompeii began in the 18th century, revealing a wealth of information about Roman life, art, and culture. The exceptional preservation of frescoes, mosaics, and everyday objects provides invaluable insights into the daily lives of its citizens, making Pompeii one of the most significant archaeological sites in the world.