The natural resource often referred to as a fossil fuel is petroleum, commonly known as oil. Fossil fuels, including coal, natural gas, and oil, are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that have decomposed over millions of years under heat and pressure. Petroleum is a crucial energy source, used for transportation, heating, and generating electricity, as well as being a raw material for various chemical products, including plastics. The extraction and consumption of fossil fuels have significant environmental impacts, leading to discussions about sustainable energy alternatives and the need to reduce carbon emissions to combat climate change.