The part of the plant that conducts photosynthesis is primarily the leaves. The leaves contain specialized cells called chloroplasts, which house the pigment chlorophyll. Chlorophyll captures sunlight, which powers the process of photosynthesis—converting carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into glucose and oxygen. This process is crucial for the plant's energy production and growth, as glucose serves as a primary energy source. Additionally, other green parts of the plant, such as stems, can also perform photosynthesis to a certain extent, but the leaves are the main sites where it occurs due to their larger surface area and higher concentration of chloroplasts.