The geographical feature characterized by steep cliffs formed by **erosion** is known as a **cliff** or **escarpment**. These formations occur when softer rock layers are worn away, leaving behind more resistant rock that creates vertical drops. Cliffs can be found in various environments, including coastal regions, riverbanks, and mountainous areas, and they offer unique habitats for diverse plant and animal species. The formation of cliffs plays a crucial role in shaping landscapes and influencing geological processes while providing scenic views and outdoor recreational opportunities.