The predominant climate zone in the tundra biome is the polar climate. Characterized by extremely low temperatures, a short growing season, and minimal precipitation, tundra regions are found in high-latitude areas, primarily in the Arctic and Antarctic. The soil in tundra is often frozen (permafrost), which limits vegetation to low shrubs, mosses, and lichens. This unique ecosystem supports specially adapted wildlife, including migratory birds and Arctic mammals like caribou.