The second-largest continent by land area is Africa. Covering about 30.2 million square kilometers, Africa is rich in biodiversity, cultures, and natural resources. It consists of 54 countries, each with unique traditions and languages. Africa is known for its vast landscapes, from deserts to rainforest, and plays a crucial role in global ecology and economy. The continent's historical significance is profound, being home to some of the oldest civilizations and a wide array of ethnic groups.