The country that claims the Falkland Islands is Argentina. Located in the South Atlantic Ocean, these islands have been the subject of a territorial dispute between Argentina and the United Kingdom since the early 19th century. In 1982, Argentina invaded the islands, leading to a brief conflict with the UK, which resulted in British control being reasserted. The islands hold strategic importance and are home to a small population primarily of British descent. The dispute continues to shape diplomatic relations in the region.