Hormonal changes can significantly affect physical fitness by influencing metabolism and energy levels. For example, fluctuations in hormones like testosterone and estrogen can impact muscle growth, fat distribution, and overall performance. Hormonal imbalances due to stress or lifestyle factors can lead to decreased motivation for exercise. Additionally, during certain life stages such as puberty or menopause, the body’s response to exercise may vary. Understanding these changes can help in tailoring fitness programs to align with one’s hormonal status.