Vitamins and minerals play a vital role in supporting athletic performance by aiding in physiological processes critical for energy production, muscle function, and recovery. For example, vitamin D is essential for bone health and calcium absorption, while iron is crucial for oxygen transport in the blood. Antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E help combat oxidative stress caused by intense exercise. Additionally, B vitamins are important for energy metabolism. Ensuring adequate intake of these nutrients enhances both performance and recovery, optimizing training outcomes for athletes.