Antioxidants are thought to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can lead to oxidative stress. This stress is associated with various chronic diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and aging-related conditions. By neutralizing free radicals, antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene contribute to cellular health and enhance the body's defense mechanisms. Consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can provide essential antioxidants, promoting overall health and potentially reducing disease risk.