The fundamental principles of nutrition revolve around balance, variety, and moderation. Balance refers to consuming the right proportions of food groups—carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals—to meet dietary needs. Variety ensures that individuals obtain a wide range of nutrients necessary for optimal health. Moderation involves controlling portions and avoiding excessive intake of unhealthy foods. These principles help in maintaining a healthy weight, preventing nutrient deficiencies, and promoting overall wellness, ultimately contributing to long-term health.