The long-term effects of yo-yo dieting (weight cycling) on metabolism can be detrimental. Frequent fluctuations in weight can lead to metabolic adaptations, where the body becomes more efficient at storing energy, potentially making future weight loss more challenging. This cycle often leads to increased fat mass and decreased lean muscle mass, adversely affecting basal metabolic rate. Furthermore, yo-yo dieting may exacerbate psychological stress and promote a negative relationship with food, impacting long-term health and well-being.