The principles of a healthy and balanced diet include consuming a variety of whole foods across all food groups, including vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. It emphasizes moderation and portion control to prevent overconsumption while ensuring nutrient adequacy. Equally important is staying adequately hydrated with water. A balanced diet supports overall health, aids in maintaining a healthy weight, and provides the necessary nutrients for energy and physical activity. Additionally, incorporating diverse foods can help prevent nutritional deficiencies and promote long-term health.